Understanding Fly Strike in Rabbits: Prevention and Urgent Care

What is Fly Strike in Rabbits?

Fly strike, also known as myiasis, is a serious and often life-threatening condition that affects rabbits, especially during the warmer months in Australia. It occurs when flies—commonly the green bottle fly—lay their eggs on the rabbit’s skin, usually around the rear end or any area soiled with urine or faeces. The eggs hatch into maggots within hours, and these maggots can burrow into the rabbit’s flesh, causing severe pain, infection, and even death if not treated promptly.

This blog post unpacks how to keep your bunny safe from this deadly condition.

Why Are Rabbits at Risk?

Rabbits are particularly vulnerable to fly strike because they often spend time outdoors, have dense fur, and can suffer from conditions that make it harder for them to keep themselves clean. Overweight, elderly, or disabled rabbits—along with those experiencing diarrhoea or urinary issues—may struggle to groom themselves properly, increasing their risk of attracting flies.

How to Prevent Fly Strike

• Keep Your Bunny Clean and Dry: Regularly check your rabbit’s bottom and fur for any soiling. Clean any mess promptly with a damp cloth and dry the area thoroughly.

• Maintain a Clean Hutch/Enclosure: Remove soiled bedding and droppings daily, and disinfect the enclosure weekly. Flies are drawn to dirty, smelly environments.

• Monitor Health Closely: Watch out for signs of diarrhoea, urinary issues, or mobility problems. Address any health issues with your vet as soon as possible.

• Use Fly Screens and Traps: Fit fly screens or mosquito netting to hutches and consider using safe fly traps around your rabbit’s area, keeping them out of reach of your bunny.

• Apply Preventative Products: In consultation with your vet, you may use topical treatments that repel flies or prevent maggots from developing on your rabbit.

• Clip Fur if Necessary: Long-haired rabbits may benefit from regular grooming and, if appropriate, trimming around the rear end to keep the area clean and visible.

• Check Your Rabbit Twice Daily: Especially in the warmer months, inspect your rabbit’s rear and undercarriage morning and night for any signs of eggs, maggots, or wounds.

What To Do If Your Bunny Gets Fly Strike

If you suspect your rabbit has fly strike, act immediately. Fly strike is a true emergency and can be fatal very quickly.

1. Contact Your Vet Immediately: Time is critical. Ring your local vet and explain the situation so they can prepare for your arrival. Most cases require urgent veterinary intervention, including pain relief, removal of maggots, antibiotics, and supportive care.

2. Keep Your Bunny Calm: Place your rabbit in a safe, secure carrier lined with a clean towel. Avoid stress and keep them cool (but not cold) on the journey.

3. Do Not Attempt To Remove All Maggots Yourself: You can carefully pick off visible maggots with tweezers if you have to wait for vet care, but do not attempt to wash the area or use chemicals. Maggots can burrow deep, and improper handling can cause more harm.

4. Follow Your Vet’s Instructions: Your vet will likely sedate the rabbit to remove all maggots, clean the wounds, and provide medication. Hospitalisation may be required for severe cases.

5. Aftercare: Follow all aftercare instructions strictly, including wound cleaning, medication, and regular rechecks. Your vet will advise when it’s safe for your rabbit to return to their normal environment.

Final Thoughts

Fly strike is a preventable yet deadly condition for rabbits. With regular cleaning, prompt attention to health issues, and vigilance—especially during the warmer months—you can protect your bunny from this distressing disease. If in doubt, always consult your local vet for advice or help. Your quick action could save your rabbit’s life.